Viva Questions

20 short HTML viva Q&A.

Common HTML Viva Questions and Answers

What is HTML? Hyper Text Markup Language — defines structure of web pages.
Who developed HTML? Tim Berners-Lee in 1991.
Latest version? HTML5 (W3C recommendation, 2014).
Is HTML a programming language? No — it's a markup language (no logic, only structure).
What is a DOCTYPE? Declares the HTML version. HTML5: <!DOCTYPE html>.
What is the role of <head> vs <body>? <head>: meta info (title, links, scripts). <body>: visible content.
What are empty / void tags? Tags with no closing or content (<br>, <hr>, <img>, <input>, <meta>).
Difference: <b> vs <strong>? <b> purely visual bold; <strong> carries semantic importance.
What is a hyperlink? <a href="url">text</a> — clickable link.
Absolute vs relative URL? Absolute: full path (https://x.com/a.html). Relative: relative to current page (a.html).
What attribute makes a checkbox checked by default? checked.
Difference: GET vs POST in <form method>? GET sends data in URL (visible, limited). POST sends in body (hidden, larger).
What is <iframe>? Inline frame — embeds another HTML document.
What's the use of id and class? id is unique per page; class can repeat — used for styling/JS.
What is a semantic tag? Tag whose name describes its content (<header>, <nav>, <article>).
HTML comment syntax? .
What is viewport meta tag for? Controls page scaling on mobile devices.
What is <canvas>? HTML5 element for drawing 2D graphics with JavaScript.
What does target="_blank" do? Opens link in a new tab.
Self-closing vs open/close tags in HTML5? HTML5 allows <br> without /. Both <br> and <br/> are valid.

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